Water injection is normally used as the preferred drainage mechanism and to optimize oil recovery. The quality of water injected into an oil reservoir has significant impact on the reservoir and fluids, but it is almost impossible to specify a “general water” that is suitable for all kinds of reservoir   . A thorough disinfection to mitigate souring of the reservoir and generation of H2S is a prerequisite. Solids have to be removed from the injection water to avoid plugging of the fine reservoir pore throats.  Further tailoring of the chemistry of the injection water to mitigate any compatibility issues between raw sea water and formation water is critical for many reservoirs and operation to avoid precipitation of solids and scaling. Change in salinity may alter the wettability conditions in some reservoirs and lead to increased oil recovery. Injection of aerated water has the potential to simplify treatment process and improve performance in many cases. The interaction between injected water, reservoir rock and fluid, is complex with big impact on performance. This session will discuss challenges, experience, and ways to improve water flooding. 

Session Chairpersons: Torbjørn Hegdal, NOV; Aline Machado de Azevedo Novaes, Petrobras

Speakers:

Analytical Methods Based on Digital Image to Monitoring Reinjection Produced Water
Marco Antônio Gomes Teixeira, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)

Key Parameters for Successful Water Injection, TotalEnergies Experience
Pierre Pedenaud, TotalEnergies

Defining the Composition of Injected Water Based on Reservoir Characteristics
Aline Machado de Azevedo Novaes, Petrobras

Slop Water and Produced Water Successfully Treated on Balder and Jotun A by Use of Ceramic Membranes 
Åsbjørn Dysvik, Eagle Technology