Europe’s subsurface sector stands at a crucial moment, as mature basins must remain globally competitive while adapting to evolving energy systems, accelerating digital transformation, and preparing for a significant workforce transition. This executive plenary will explore how subsurface strategies are evolving to sustain performance and long-term value. The discussion will examine the role of emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, in enhancing decision-making and efficiency, the importance of attracting and developing the next generation of subsurface professionals, and the actions required to maintain the competitiveness subsurface assets in Europe and the Norwegian Continental Shelf. Together, these perspectives will provide a strategic outlook on how the industry can continue to deliver reliable energy while navigating change.